Fifty-thousand years ago, humans' romantic horizons extended far beyond other boring Homo sapiens. That's according to a July 2019 study that describes how our ancestors often mated with other species of the the Homo genus: Neanderthals, Denisovans, and two other unnamed hominids.
The discovery was made after scientists used previous studies to create "mixing maps" -- aka when and where mating between humans and other hominid species happened. Turns out that these cross-species liaisons happened at times in Europe, and at other times in Asia.
The most-frequent "mixing events" were those between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. Modern humans met and interbred with Neanderthals in western Eurasia around 50,000 to 55,000 years ago. But Neanderthals also mated with our species in East Asia. The results are still evident in genetics -- most Europeans and Asians have approximately two percent Neanderthal DNA.
A combination of archaeological and genetic data also indicates that modern humans mated with Denisovans -- another ancient hominid -- in eastern Eurasia, maritime South Asia, and later towards Australia. And because East Asians have a second set of Denisovan genomes not found in the DNA of South Asians or people of Papuan descent, scientists believe interbreeding between Denisovans Homo sapiens happened during at least two independent episodes.
Humans also mated with two currently unknown species of ancient hominid, the results suggest. In this study, they are labeled: "EH1" and "EH2." There's a theory the EH1 group might have actually been Denisovans, but this study argues that EH1 is "so genetically divergent that it is equidistant to both Neanderthals and Denisovans, and probably represents an an entirely new hominid group." EH1 genes have found in the DNA of some modern Asian and Australo-Papuan populations.
And that won’t be the last time. We’ll be picking up on that form of “Dancing” once we get back to exploring space….
Imagine it, Adelaide. If you began a journey that takes the human race all the way out to the stars. It begins with you. And then your granddaughter, you inspire her. So that in 30 years Susie Fontana Brooke is the pilot of the first lightspeed ship to Proxima Centauri. And then everywhere. With her children, and her children's children forging the way, to the Dragon Star, the Celestial Belt of the Winter Queen, the Map of the Water Snake Wormholes One day a Brooke will fall in love with a Tandonian prince, that's the start of a whole new species. But everything starts with you, Adelaide.
From “The Waters of Mars”
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